孙 珊

（中国政法大学 证据科学研究院，北京，100088）

【摘 要】科学证据是一个源于英美证据法中学理上的舶来概念。在我国，主要基于体系封闭、理论分化、实践困境、规范错杂四点因素，关于科学证据的概念和范畴等基础理论至今仍存在着重大分歧。在英美法国家，严格意义上的科学证据指的是建立在“科学”之方法和原理上的专家证言和专家证据，与之相比，我国理论和实务中对科学证据的理解范围显然要更加广泛，在法官缺乏科学命题的大前提时有专门知识介入的证据材料都可以纳入科学证据的范畴。以专门知识介入的方式和目的为区分标准，可以作出科技载体型和专家意见型两类科学证据的类型化分类。

【关键词】科学证据；英美法系；本土化；专门知识

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2022）06-0701-12

The conceptual tracing and localization restatement of scientific evidence. Sun Shan, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088.

【Abstract】Scientific evidence is a theoretically imported concept derived from the Anglo-American evidence law. In China, based on the four factors of closed system, theoretical differentiation, practical dilemma, and miscellaneous norms, there are still major differences on the basic theories of scientific evidence, such as the concept and category. In Common Law system countries, scientific evidence in the strict sense refers to expert testimony and expert evidence based on “scientific” methods and principles.Compared with this, the scope of understanding of scientific evidence in our country’ s theory and practice is obviously more extensive. Evidence materials with specialized knowledge intervention when judges lack the major premise of scientific propositions can be included in the category of scientific evidence. Taking the method and purpose of specialized knowledge intervention as the distinguishing standard, two types of scientific evidence can be classified into scientific and technological carrier evidence and expert opinion evidence.

【Key Words】Scientific evidence; Common law system; Localization; Specialized knowledge