高一飞  陈小利

（西南政法大学法学院，重庆 400031）

【摘 要】 记者拒证权是指在司法活动中新闻记者拒绝作证提供消息来源的权利。保护的对象不涉及消息提供者而只针对记者。记者拒证权的目的是为了保护信息来源，而不是信息本身。拒证权是利益平衡的结果，是寻求案件真相向新闻自由作出的必要让步。拒证权的内容分为四个方面：（1）拒绝公开信息来源身份；（2）拒绝开示可能曝光提供者身份的信息内容；（3）拒绝接受询问；（4）拒绝接受搜查、扣押。恶意向新闻记者取证造成信息来源利益遭受生成性损害的，必须承担由此带来的法律后果。中国在记者拒证权问题上应当采取渐进式立法。

【关键词】 记者拒证权；作证豁免权；利益平衡；信息来源；程序权利

【中图分类号】 D 922.16

【文献标识码】 A

【文章编号】 1674-1226（2008）05-0568-12

On Reporter’s Privilege. Gao Yifeng, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 400031;Chen Xiaoli, Procurator of Changde People′s Procuratorate，Hunan Province 413000

【Abstract】 The reporter’s privilege is about a journalist’s refusal to testify on the source of news. It is designed to protect sources of information, rather than the information itself. The reporter’s privilege is the outcome of a balance between truth of the case and the freedom of the press, which is a necessary step-back of the judicial interest on the freedom of the press. The contents of the reporter’s privilege can be divided into four parts: (1) refusal to disclose the provider of information, (2) refusal to provide information that may disclose the identity of the provider, (3) refusal to inquiry; (4) refusal to search and seizure. If the provider of information suffers from malicious collection of evidence from a journalist, the collector is subject to legal liability. In China, gradual steps should be taken for the legislation on reporter’s privilege.

【Key Words】 Reporter’s privilege, Immunity of witness，Interest balance, Sources of information, Procedural rights.