艾 明

【摘 要】 合理设置盘查启动标准既有利于警察执法，也有利于人权保障。 通过对我国盘查制度实践的深入研究和对域外法治国家盘查启动标准的比较考察发现，我国盘查措施在启动标准上存在着混淆概念、标准单一和司法缺位三大缺陷。未来我国盘查措施启动标准的设置应当尊重警察盘查的认知规律、正视盘查的实践需要。此外，还应引入司法审查为警察正确理解盘查启动标准提供理论上的指引。

【关键词】 盘查； 启动标准； 证明标准； 证明目的

【中图分类号】 D915.13

【文献标识码】 A

【文章编号】 1674-1226（2010）06-0678-10

A Comparative Study on the Start Standard of Stop and Search: Defects and Improvement. Ai Ming, Ph.D

candidate, Law School, Sichuan University, 610064.

【Abstract】 Reasonable start standard of stop and search is helpful to the law enforcement by police as well as human rights protection. In china, the start standard of stop and search has three defects: conceptual confusion,single standard and judicial absence. China should redesign the start standard of stop and search on the basis of respecting police knowledge of cognitive law, considering the needs of judicial practice and introducing judicial review to guide police understand it.

【Key Words】 Stop and search， Start standard， Proof standard， Proof purpose