［美］ John J. Capowski 著 李 鑫译

【摘 要】 中国属于大陆法系，在法官职权、法院地位和对待先例的态度上都与大陆法法系的基本特征一致，而这些特征又是大陆法系同英美法系的区分点，在当今大陆法和英美法互相融合的潮流下，我国的《人民法院统一证据规定》（建议稿）正是融合的标志，这部《统一规定》在证据规定、民事和刑事诉讼程序中都与《美国联邦证据规则》存在很多共同之处，与德国、日本等国家仅仅就审判程序的改革相比，《人民法院同一证据规定》在证据规定方面迈出了更大的一步。本文作者认为，在这个融合的过程中，相同的规定在不同的环境下将演化出另样的甚至是出人意料的结果，但是《统一规定》对“公正和效率”这一价值目标的实现是毫无置疑的。此外，《统一规定》在试用阶段的考察和改良无疑将增强融合后的可行性。

【关键词】 大陆法系；英美法系；法律移植；公正和效率

【中图分类号】 D918.9

【文献标识码】 A

【文章编号】 1674-1226(2010)05-0610-08

China′s Uniform Provisions of Evidence of The People′s Court and The Convergence of Civil Law and Common Law. John J. Capowski, Translated by Li Xin.Widener University School of Law.

【Abstract】 This article suggests that while it is incongruous for China, a civil law country, to adopt portions of a common law country’s evidence code, that adoption positively supports China’s reform effort. The article sets out the distinguishing characteristics of civil and common law countries and then describes some of the similarities between The Uniform Provisions of Evidence of the People’s Court and the United State’s Federal Rules of Evidence. After providing this background, the article suggests that the adoption of a code based in part on the Federal Rules of Evidence supports China’s move towards greater procedural justice and that China’s variation of the Federal Rules was both drafted and will be interpreted with Chinese sensibilities in mind.

【Key Word】 Civil Law System, Anglo-American Law system, Legal Transplantation, Procedural Justice