———刑事证据两个规定评析

熊秋红

【摘 要】 刑事证据两个规定针对司法实践中的重点与难点予以规范，初步确立了现代刑事证据法中的一些基本原则和规则，标示着我国刑事证据立法取得了阶段性进步。但是，从比较法的角度看，在两个规定中，对于正当法律程序、直接言词原则的体现并不充分；非法口供排除规则未能强调“任意性”标准，只是一种最低限度的排除；而对非法获得的实物证据采取宽容态度，不利于对公民财产权、隐私权的保护；大量的关于瑕疵证据可以进行补正和解释的规定，大大降低了刑事证据的可采性标准。目前有必要进一步完善具体的制度规范，积极改善司法环境，促进两个规定的贯彻实施，推动我国刑事法治向前发展。

【关键词】 刑事证据；阶段性进步；实施条件；刑事法治

【中图分类号】 D

【文献标识码】 A

【文章编号】 1674-1226(2010)05-0569-08

A Milestone in the Development of Criminal Evidence System—Comments on the Two Rules of Criminal Evidence .Xiong Qiuhong. Law Institnte of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Beijign 100720

【Abstract】 Two Rules of Criminal Evidence regulate the difficult and key issues of application of criminal evidence in judicial practice, establish some fundamental principles and rules in modern criminal evidence law and mark the milestone of the legislation of criminal evidence in China. However, compared with the relevant laws in other countries, the Two Rules of Criminal Evidence do not fully embrace due process and principle of direct examination; the exclusionary rule of confessions does not stress the standard of voluntariness and only meets a minimum requirement of exclusion; it also tolerates the physical evidence illegally obtained by the police, which is unfavorable for the protection of property and privacy rights of citizens; A large number of provisions read that the faulted evidences can be supplemented and explained, which actually reduce the standard of admissibility of criminal evidence. Currently it is necessary to modify specific provisions, improve the judicial environment, promote the implementation of the Two Rules of Criminal Evidence and promote the development of the criminal justice in China.

【Key Words】 Criminal evidence, milestone, implementing conditions, criminal justice