包冰锋

【摘 要】证明妨碍是指当事人因可归责于对方当事人或第三人诉讼中或诉讼外、故意或过失的作为或不作为，致使自己的证明行为陷入困难或不能。构成证明妨碍的客观要件相对较为复杂，而且在实体法和程序法中均有规定。不论是诉讼前或诉讼中的作为或不作为，均可以构成证明妨碍行为。证明妨碍行为的结果，应当达到当事人证明不能或证明困难而使案件事实无法查明的状态。而且，证明妨碍行为与待证事实证明不能或证明困难的状态之间应当具有因果联系。

【关键词】民事诉讼；证明妨碍；客观要件；程序；实体

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2013）06-0676-10

The Harmony between Substantive Law and Procedural Law: On the Objective Elements of Spoliation of Evidence. Bao Bingfeng. Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China, 401120.

【Abstract】The spoliation of evidence is that the intentional or negligent act or omission in or out of the litigation,which is attributed to the other party or a third person, makes the party diffi cult to or incapable of proving. The objective elements are relatively complex, and are provided in both substantive law and procedural law. Acts or omissions, no matter before the proceeding or in the proceeding, will constitute the conduct of spoliation of evidence. As a result of the conduct of the spoliation of evidence, the parties will be incapable or in diffi culty to prove and leave the facts of the case unidentifi ed, and moreover, there is a casual link between the conduct of the spoliation of evidence and the situation in which the facts of the cases are diffi cult to be proved or incapable of being proved.

【Key words】Civil litigation, Spoliation of evidence, The objective elements, Procedure, Substance