刘哲玮

（北京大学法学院，北京 100871）

【摘 要】2012 年《民事诉讼法修正案》将电子数据纳入到法定证据类型之中，奠定了电子证据在民事证据法上的独立地位。然而，在民事司法实践中，电子证据的运行却并不顺利，完全无法与同时修订的刑事诉讼法相提并论。由于电子证据本身的载体危机，导致司法实务中将电子证据书证化，这既不符合证据法定形态的本质属性，也违背了电子司法的功能追求，更不利于正义的真正实现。只有在观念上对电子证据的真实性重新认识，在程序上对电子证据的证明过程完成修正，在技术上建立其电子证据形态的统一标准，民事电子证据才能从法条独立迈向实质独立，获得证据法和诉讼法上的应有地位。

【关键词】电子证据；民事诉讼；书面证据；载体

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2015）06-0678-08

On the independence of electronic evidence in civil procedure: from text to substance. Liu Zhewei. Peking University Law School, Beijing 100871

【Abstract】The electronic evidence (E-evidence) has been confirmed as an independent type of evidence by the Amendment to the P.R.C. Civil Procedural Law in 2012. However, it does not function well in practice, especially compared with the criminal one. The key reason is the carrier crisis of E-evidence, which gradually makes it the documentary evidence. This phenomenon goes against the text of the law, the function of electronic judiciary and the accomplishment of justice. There are three steps that should be taken to establish the substantive independence of E-evidence: recognizing the authenticity of E-evidence, revising the proof process of E-evidence, and rebuilding the unified standard on forms of E-evidence.

【Key Words】 Electronic evidence, Civil proceedings, Documentary evidence, Carrier