鄢 焱

（1西南政法大学，重庆 401120，2河南工业大学，河南郑州 450001）

【摘 要】无诉讼能力的未成年当事人因原则上不能单独作出有效的诉讼行为，所以其所作出的承认性陈述只有在经过法定代理人或者取得诉讼能力的本人追认的情况下方能成立自认。鉴于未成年当事人的年龄和智力状况与对事实的认知所可能存在的契合，以及防止法定代理人对其权益的不正当侵害，有必要赋予其承认性陈述、否认性陈述以有限的法律意义。其本人的不争执不具有法律意义，应按照法定代理人的态度来判定是否成立自认或者拟制自认。其本人作不知或不记忆表示而法定代理人作承认性陈述或者不争执的，应由法官释明后以未成年当事人的最终态度结合法定代理人的态度判定是否成立自认或者拟制自认；经释明后仍维持作不知或不记忆表示的，直接按照法定代理人的态度判定是否成立自认或者拟制自认。本人作不知或不记忆表示而法定代理人作同样表示或者否认性陈述的，不成立自认。

【关键词】无诉讼能力；未成年当事人；法定代理人；自认

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2017）02-0193-11

Crytical review on minors’ capacity to make confession. YanYan. Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 401120; Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou Henan 450001.

【Abstract】In principle, minors have no capacity to litigation and are not able to independently carry out valid litigation acts. Thus, a minor’s admitting statement can’t be confession unless it is ratified by his legal representative or himself who obtains litigation capacity. Considering the fact that minors subject to the limitation of age and intelligence may have ability to comprehend the fact and the possibility of their litigation right being infringed by their legal representative, it is necessary to recognize in a limited situation the legal effect of a minor’ admitting statement and denying statement. A minor’s no contest plea should take no legal effect. The minor’s legal representative’s attitude should govern whether the minor’s no contest plea constitutes confession or legally presumptive confession. In the situation where a minor claims non-awareness or non-memories whilst his legal representative makes admitting statement or no contest plea, whether such minor’s statement constitutes confession or legally presumptive confession should be decided by the considerations of the legal representative’s attitude and the minor’s final attitude under judge’s instruction. If the minor still insists on non-awareness or nonmemories after judge’s instruction, the minor’s legal representative’s attitude should govern. Confession is not formed if the minor claims non-awareness or non-memories whilst his legal representative makes the same claim or denying statement.

【Key Words】 No capacity to litigation, Minor litigant, Legal representative, Confession