多维度与差异化：认罪认罚案件的证明标准探析

闵丰锦

（西南政法大学，重庆 401120；重庆市南岸区人民检察院，重庆 401336）

【摘 要】有关认罪认罚案件的证明标准，理论界与实务界存在坚持说、差异说、降低说的三种观点，争论极大，官方则在表面坚持的基础上加以“基本事实、基本证据”的巧妙用词。从证明标准的三重维度分析，认罪案件、简单案件、量刑程序均会在一定程度上降低证明标准。有必要以防范冤假错案为底线，把握认罪认罚案件对口供补强的不同力度，摒弃“只能做，不能说”的证明标准潜规则，构建认罪认罚案件的差异化证明标准。

【关键词】差异化；认罪认罚；证明标准；确实充分；排除合理怀疑

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2017）04-0440-13

Multi-dimension and differentiation: exploration on the standard of proof for cases of pleading guilty and accepting punishment. Min Fengjin. Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 401120;People’s Procuratorate of Chongqing Nan’an District, Chongqing 401336, China.

【Abstract】The standard of proof for cases of pleading guilty and accepting punishment is in great debate among theorists and practitioners. The theories of proof standard include insistence theory, differentiation theory and reduction theory. The judicial branch adheres to the insistence theory and garnish its standpoint with the standard of “basic fact, basic evidence”. Based on the triple-dimension proof standard theories, in pleading guilty cases, simple cases and sentencing procedure, the standard of proof is lowered to certain extent. In order to prevent wrongful convictions, it is in urgent need to differentiate probative values of corroborating testimonies in pleading guilty and accepting punishment case, abandon the hidden proof standard of “Doing is allowed, words are prohibited”, and establish the differentiated standard of proof.

【Key Words】 Differentiation, Pleading guilty and accepting punishment, Standard of proof, Reliable and sufficient, Beyond a reasonable doubt