范飞¹   胥科²   樊迪³   邓振华¹

（1四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院，四川成都 610041；2四川大学华西医学听力中心，四川成都 610041；3四川大学华西第四医院耳鼻咽喉科，四川成都 610041）

【摘 要】听力减退的客观评估是法医临床鉴定中的难点之一。2017年1月1日《人体损伤致残程度分级》实施，其听力减退伤残评定与既往标准存在一定差异。本文比较了《伤残分级》与国内外其他残 疾标准中听力残疾相关内容，探讨《伤残分级》标准的优点及不足。同时回述了近年应用较多的客观听力检测方法，比较了客观听力检测方法与纯音测听阈值关联性。国内外听力减退评定均是基于 WHO 的 听力障碍分级，但在双耳听力伤残值的计算及耳鸣、年龄对听力伤残值的影响上均存在一定差异。

【关键词】法医临床学；听觉障碍；伤残评定；评定标准

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2017）03-0289-18

The comparative study of hearing loss and related disability standards. Fan Fei¹, Xu Ke², Fan Di³, Deng Zhenhua¹.(1 West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041,China;2 Hearing Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University,Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China;3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China)

【Abstract】The objective assessment of hearing lossis one of the difficulties in clinical forensic medicine.On January 1, 2017, we began to imply the Classification of Severity of Disability Caused by Physical Injuries which is different from previous standards regarding theevaluation of hearing loss.This article compares related contents ofhearing disabilityinthe Classification of Severity of Disability Caused by Physical Injuries and other standards in China and other counties, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the newly implemented standard. At the same time, this article introduces the objective hearing detection method which has been applied in recent years, and compares the correlation between the objective hearing detection method and the pure tone audiometry threshold. The evaluation of hearing loss in China and abroad is based on WHO classification of hearing impairment, but there are some differences in the calculation of bilateral hearing disability value and the influence of tinnitus and ages on hearingdisability value.

【Key Words】 Clinical forensic medicine, HearingImpairment, Disability assessment, Evaluation criterion