茆 巍

（华东政法大学科学研究院，上海，201620）

【摘 要】关于清代的洗冤文本与检验技术，研究众多。本文主要就前人忽略处，结合自己研究及最新学人成果作出若干补阙，指出清代的《律例馆校正洗冤录》实由两部分构成，一为钦定律例馆本，一为后增入的检骨图、格，且钦定馆本成书时间依最新学人研究，系乾隆七年而非康熙三十三年；并梳理了清代检验用书的发展脉络，指出其分集证、阐释、通俗记忆三个源流构成；就清代检验言，指出其最 大的成就在于明确了人体骨骼的构成，并绘出了清晰的具有近现代意义的骨骼图谱，该图的绘就对明季西学有借鉴，但也有超越，其成果主要是清人独立完成的。综合来看，清代的钦定律例馆本和检骨图、格起到了激发清人进一步探索的作用，而非如贾静涛老先生所说的限制了清人的研究。

【关键词】清代；洗冤检验；文本；技术；骨骼

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2017）01-0093-15

The supplement of the study on injustice rectification reference books and related technologies development in the qing dynasty. Mao Wei. Institute of Scientific Research, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201620, China.

【Abstract】A lot of researches have been done on the text of washing away the wrongs and related examination techniques in the Qing Dynasty. Based on the author's own research and the latest scholarships, this paper supplements scholarships to the area that previous scholars lack attention to. In the Qing Dynasty, the "Statute Hall Revising Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified" is composed of two parts --- one is the imperial decree, the other is supplement of nomenclature of human bones. According to the latest research, the imperial decree was completed in the year 7 of Qianlong instead of year 33 of Kangxi. Also, this paper points out three sources that constitute the post-mortem examinations reference book in the Qing Dynasty, which include cases, interpretations, and informal memories. The greatest achievement of SHRCCIR is the clarification of the composition of the human skeleton and the completion of a clear modernized drawing of human bones. The completion of this human bones drawing referred to the achievement accomplished in the Western Learning in late Ming Dynasty. But this drawing made its own independent accomplishment beyond the previous achievement. On the whole, the imperial decree and the nomenclature of human bones played a role in stimulating the further exploration of the Qing people, rather than, as Mr. Jia Jingtao said, limiting the study conducted by the Qing people.

【Key Words】 Qing dynasty, Judicial examination, Text, Technology, Skeleton