李钢琴¹   宋 辉²   胡泽卿¹

（1.四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院，四川成都 610041； 2.绵阳市第三人民医院精神科，四川绵阳 621000）

【摘 要】精神卫生法庭是一种专门处理涉及精神障碍案件的法庭模式，目的在于将卷入司法系统但是需要治疗的精神障碍者送往合适的医疗机构进行治疗，并由法庭对治疗的过程进行监督和协调，以减少精神障碍者的再次犯罪率，从而节约医疗和司法成本。本文介绍美国精神卫生法庭的定义、操作方法、效果及存在的问题，提出了美国精神卫生法庭制度对我国处理卷入司法系统的精神障碍者的借鉴意义。

【关键词】精神卫生法庭；精神障碍者；强制医疗；美国；司法精神病学

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2017）01-0043-10

The U.S. mental health court and its indicationto China. Li Gangqin, Hu Zeqing, Sichuan University, Song Hui, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan.

【Abstract】Mental health court specifically deals with offenders who have been diagnosed with a mental illness. Mental health court aims to provideoffenders with mental illness in criminal justice system access to appropriate medical health agencies and medical treatment, and judicial supervision and coordination ofrequired mental health treatment.The goals are reducing recidivism for mentally ill offendersand sparing the criminal justiceand medical treatmentcosts. This study introduces the definition of mental health court,court process,court outcomes and potential problems. This article concludes with thepossible indication that the U.S. mental health court practice suggests to Chinese criminal justice system in dealing with offenders with mental illness.

【Key Words】 Mental health court, Mentally ill, Involuntary treatment, America, Forensic psychiatry