刘炫麟

（首都医科大学卫生法学系，北京 100069）

【摘 要】我国《侵权责任法》虽然统一了医疗损害的概念，但未能结束医疗事故技术鉴定和法医司 法鉴定二元化的局面。随着我国《医疗纠纷预防和处理条例》的施行，通过专门立法细化该条例对医疗 损害鉴定的内容已经成为一项亟需而重要的工作。在医疗损害鉴定的立法过程中，首要解决的是医疗损 害鉴定的基本原则问题，这对医疗行为的科学评定、医患双方的权益保护以及医学科学的良性发展意义 重大。当前，我国理论界和实务界对医疗损害鉴定的基本原则存在诸多争议，但按照逻辑顺位应当包括 合法性原则、科学性原则、公正性原则和效率性原则。为了贯彻和落实这些基本原则，未来的立法应当 重视其他配套制度的规定，尤其是鉴定专家库的建设与管理。

【关键词】医疗纠纷；医疗损害鉴定；基本原则；逻辑关系；鉴定专家库

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2018）04-0429-12

Basic principles of medical damage identification in China. Liu Xuanlin. Health Law Department of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069.

【Abstract】The Tort Liability Law of PRC has unified the concept of medical damage, but it failed to end the dual situation of technical appraisal for malpractice and judicial qualification by forensic experts. Along with the implementation of the Regulations on the Prevention and Treatment of Medical Disputes, it has become an urgent and important task to refine its contents on medical damage identification through special legislation. In the legislative process of medical damage identification, the basic principles of medical damage identification should be solved firstly, which are of great significance to the scientific evaluation of medical behavior, the protection of the rights and interests of both doctors and patients and the sound development of medical science. At present,there are many disputes on the basic principles of medical damage identification in the theoretical and practical circles. Notwithstanding, according to the logical order, it should include the principles of legality, science, justice and efficiency. In order to implement these basic principles, legislation should attach importance to the provisions of other supporting systems, especially the construction and management of the pool of identification expert.

【Key Words】 Medical disputes, Medical damage identification, Basic principles, Logical relationship, Pool of identification expert