张翠玲王勇

（1.西南政法大学刑事侦查学院，重庆401120；

2.重庆高校刑事科学技术重点实验室，重庆401120）

【摘要】2005年《科学》杂志刊登的《正在到来的物证鉴定科学范式转变》指出，传统的法庭科学正走向一种新的科学范式。同一认定理论作为传统范式的理论基础在国内不同时期有着不同的内容构成和适用领域。本文对比了国内外的同一认定理论，指出该理论在理论基础和实践应用中的不足，以及新鉴定范式转变的可行性。在同一认定理论的再检视中，提出同一认定理论宜限定在物证鉴定领域，刑事印证证明模式可以涵盖侦查学领域和司法证明领域的同一认定理论，并进一步提出了加强物证鉴定领域基础理论研究的路径。

【关键词】同一认定理论；物证鉴定；范式转变；侦查；司法证明

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2023）03-0359-13

Individualization theory in the paradigm shift in forensic identification science.Zhang Cuiling1,2,Wang

Yong1,2.1.School of Criminal Investigation,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing

401120,China;2.Chongqing Institutes of Higher Education Key Forensic Science Laboratory,Chongqing

401120,China.

【Abstract】In a 2005 paper published in the Science entitled The Coming Paradigm Shift in Forensic

Identification Science,the author pointed out that the traditional forensic science is moving towards a new scientific paradigm.The theory of individualization,as the theoretical basis of traditional paradigm,portrays different contents and application fields in different periods in China.By comparing the theory of individualization at home and abroad,this paper points out the deficiencies of the theory in its theoretical basis and practical application,and the feasibility of the new shift of the identification paradigm.In the re-examination of the individualization theory,this paper proposes that the individualization theory should be limited to the field of forensic identification science,and the corroboration mode of proof can cover the individualization theory in the field of criminal investigation and judicial proof.Further,this paper puts forward the path of enhancing the research of basic theories in the field of forensic science.

【Key Words】Theory of individualization;Forensic science;Paradigm shift;Criminal investigation;Judicial proof