黎晓露

(中南财经政法大学，湖北武汉430073)

【摘要】跨境数据取证是打击网络犯罪的关键环节。在刑事执法场景中，跨境数据取证包括两个方面，一是本国执法机构调取存储于境外的数据，二是境外执法机构调取存储于本国的数据。各国既有向境外调取数据的需求,也有管控本国数据出境的必要，难免陷入各方利益博弈之中。美欧基于地缘政治立场组建阵营化规则体系，推行扩张式数据管辖模式，造成全球数据跨境执法格局的分裂。目前我国已搭建起跨境数据取证的制度架构，但在执法效率、取证程序和国际合作上仍然面临挑战。着眼于国际局势与数据利益，我国需要综合考量国家安全、主权管辖和私益保护等因素，构建双轨多元化的跨境数据取证方案。

【关键词】跨境数据取证;数据调取;数据出境;数据主权

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226(2023)06-0693-13

International game in cross-border data collection and China's approach.Li Xiaolu.School of Criminal Justice,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan Hubei 430073.

【Abstract】Cross-border data collection is a key part in the fight against cybercrime.In view of the enforcement of criminal law,there are two types of cross-border data collection.The first type is the domestic law enforcement agencies access data stored abroad,and the second type is the foreign law enforcement agencies access domestic data.Each state not only need access data stored abroad,but also need control other state’s access to domestic data.This reality inevitably makes the relevant jurisdictions fall into the game of interests.Based on geopolitical positions,the U.S.and EU has generated a camp rule system and implemented an aggressive data jurisdiction model.This practice has led to a fragmentation in the global enforcement of cross-border data collection.At present,China has established an institutional framework for cross-border data collection.However,the enforcement of such system still faces challenges in law enforcement efficiency,data collection procedures,and international cooperation.Driven by the international environment and data interests,China needs to construct a dual-path and diversified cross-border data collection program.And the establishment of such program should take into consideration of factors such as national security,sovereign jurisdiction,and the private interests protection.

【Key Words】Cross-border data collection;Data access;Data exportation;Data sovereignty