【摘要】行政主体对刑事证据的审查存在于“刑事—行政”案件中，系“两法”衔接机制重要组成部分。囿于制度供给和理论研究不足，此类案件中的证据审查缺乏必要指引。司法权与行政权存在天然区别，司法机关在行政事项的处理中也与行政主体存在专业能力差距。公安机关与检察机关所主张的事实并非定论，仍需行政主体依职权调查。行政处罚案件的证据证明标准并非一定低于刑事案件，刑事证据向行政证据在衔接基础之外也存在证据能力门槛。行政主体需要明确证据载体的实际形态，在此基础上分类处理各类刑事证据向行政证据的衔接。同时，行政主体应当充分保障行政相对人的质证权利，贯彻非法证据排除规则。

【关键词】“刑事—行政”案件；案件移送；证据审查；非法证据排除

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226(2023)04-0432-16

Review of evidence in“criminal——administrative”cases.Zhao Hao,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088.

【Abstract】The review of criminal evidence by administrative authorities in"criminal-administrative"cases is an important component of the"two laws"linkage mechanism.Due to the lack of institutional supply and theoretical research,the review of evidence in such cases lacks guidance.There is a natural difference between judicial power and administrative power,and there is also a gap in professional competence in handling administrative matters between judicial organs and administrative authorities.The facts asserted by public security department and procuratorial organs are not conclusive.Thus administrative authorities still need to carry out investigations within their powers.Proof standard in administrative sanction cases is not necessarily lower than that in criminal cases.The conversion from criminal evidence to administrative evidence can be fulfilled on the basis of linkage mechanism,but the threshold of evidence admissibility should also be concerned.Administrative authorities need to clarify the actual form of the evidence,and deal with evidence conversion from criminal evidence to administrative evidence on this basis.At the same time,administrative authorities should fully guarantee the cross-examination right of the administrative counterparts and implement the exclusionary rule.

【Key Words】Criminal-administrative case；Case transfer；Review of evidence；Exclusionary rule