—基于最高人民法院（2020）最高法知行终 330 号判决

张宇宽

（华东政法大学，上海 200063）

【摘 要】自《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》颁布以来，我国司法鉴定行业基本按照市场化模式运行。在此背景下，许多机构为获得超额利润对一些鉴定领域的疑难问题进行了积极探索，对新开发的技术也及时提出专利申请以获得垄断地位。但新技术直接应用到司法鉴定领域变成一个饱受争议的问题，部分机构利用专利技术垄断地位提高鉴定费用，将专利技术作为其出具鉴定报告可靠性的背书情况并不鲜见。本文首先对文件制成时间鉴定历史沿革以及专利实用性进行简单介绍，以最高人民法院关于专利的实用性判决作为分析基础，试图在专利实用性与科学证据可靠性的价值竞合处找到平衡点，为解决司法鉴定行业市场化运作背景下专利技术应用的准入和管理提供有效的建议。

【关键词】专利；实用性；司法鉴定；科学证据；可靠性

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2022）06-0743-14

On the practicability of patent and the reliability of scientific evidence of writing time identification technology: Based on (2020) the supreme people’s court no. 330 judgment of patent. Zhang Yukuan. East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200063, China.

【Abstract】Since the promulgation of The Decision Of The Standing Committee Of The National People's Congress On The Administration Of Forensic Science, China's forensic science has basically operated in accordance with the market-oriented model. In this context, many institutions have actively explored some difficult problems in the field of identification in order to obtain excess profits, and timely applied for patents for newly developed technologies to obtain a monopoly position. However, at the same time, the direct application of new technology to the field of forensic science has become a controversial issue. It is not uncommon for some institutions to take advantage of the monopoly position of patent technology to increase the appraisal cost and use patent technology as the endorsement for the reliability of their reports. This paper briefly introduces the historical evolution of the identification of the time when the document was made and the practicality of the patent, takes the practical judgment of the Supreme People’s Court on the patent as the analysis basis, and tries to find a balance between the patent practicability and the reliability value of scientific evidence, so as to provide effective suggestions for solving the admittance and management of patent technology in the judicial identification industry under the market-oriented operation.

【Key Words】Patent; Practicability; Forensic Science; Forensic Evidence; Reliability