官正艳

（岭南师范学院，广东 湛江 524048）

【摘 要】专家证人制度开始引入我国，国内的学者开始把眼光投向科学证据可靠性的研究，但都没有用科学哲学理清科学证据可靠性标准。苏珊·哈克创设的基础融贯论足以阐释科学证据的可靠性标准，本文将基础融贯论作为分析框架，分析了国内实案和美国著名的 Daubert 诉梅瑞尔陶氏制药商一案，指出科学可靠性的证据结构应该像填字游戏一般，“交叉互锁”。对比我国和美国的科学证据的可靠性认定制度，我国可以借鉴的一是要理清专家证人的概念并建立科学证据可靠性认定制度；二是要继续发展和完善专家共同体。法官可以就科学证据的可靠性向专家共同体咨询。希望更多的法学专家关注科学证据研究这块领域，以适应从法定证据制度向科学证据时代转变的需要。

【关键词】专家证人；科学证据；基础融贯论；可靠性；专家共同体

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2021）04-0389-15

The case analysis based on Susan Haack’s foundherentism. Guan Zhengyan.Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang, 524048.

【Abstract】When the expert testimony system was introduced into China,domestic scholars began to focus on the reliability of scientific evidence, but none of them have clarified the reliability standard of scientific evidence through the theory of philosophy of science.The Foundherentism developed by Susan Haack is sufficient to explain the reliability standard of scientific evidence.This paper takes Foundherentism as the analytical framework,analyzes domestic cases as well as the famous U.S. case-Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, and points out that scientific and reliable evidence structure should be cross interlocking like a crossword puzzle. By comparing the reliability confirmation system of scientific evidence in China and the United States, we can learn that,on the one hand, we should clarify the concept of expert witness and establish the reliability confirmation system of scientific evidence;on the other hand, we should further develop and improve the expert community. Judges can consult the expert community on the reliability of scientific evidence.It is hoped that many more legal experts will pay attention to the field of scientific evidence research so as to meet the needs of transition from legal evidence system to the era of scientific evidence.

【Key Words】Expert witness; Scientific evidence; Foundherentism; Reliability; Expert community