陈 玺¹  潘晨子²

（1.西北政法大学法治学院，西安 710063；2.西北政法大学刑事法学院，西安 710063）

【摘 要】依限取会是宋代取证制度的核心内容。因州县难治，有司渎职，治狱草率等客观原因，导致宋代长期存在的取会阻滞、回报稽留和禁系淹滞等逾期违慢问题，始终未能有效解决，严重侵害法司权威、司法效能和事主权益。究其根本，中国古代奉行“疑罪从有”“疑罪惟轻”“罪疑从赦”等诉讼原则，对于取会无果、查无确证的案件，因而无法按照无罪推定原则迅速终结裁判程序并开释干系人等，最终导致取证逾期现象无法禁绝。

【关键词】宋代；证据；取证；期限

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2021）03-0274-13

Gathering evidence within legal time limits: Overdue evidence collection and solutions.Chen Xi¹, Pan Chen zi² 1. Northwest university of politic science and Law. 2. Northwest university of politic science and Law.

【Abstract】Gathering evidence within a certain period of time is the core of the investigation system in Song Dynasty. Some objective reasons, such as judicial inefficiency of the local legal governments, the official malfeasance, hasty sentences etc., gave rise to the violations like exceeding the time limit and slowness, detaining of reports, delay of jails and other problems, which had never been effectively solved. It serious violated the legal authority, judicial efficiency and the rights and interests of parties. The roots of these problems lie in the following principles such as all suspected being presumed to be guilty, cases with insufficient evidence being treated with leniency or forgiveness, etc. For a case without strong evidence or lack of coherence, it was impossible to terminate the judgment procedures and release the related parties according to the principle of presumption of innocence timely, which eventually led to the phenomenon of overdue evidence collection.

【Key Words】Song dynasty; Evidence; Investigation and evidence collection; Legal time limits