潘 溪

（南京师范大学法学院，江苏南京 210023）

【摘 要】通过对中国裁判文书网中涉及新的鉴定意见的民事再审及再审审查裁判文书的考察发现，目前再审审查中对新的鉴定意见的认定不统一，涉及的案件类型也较为复杂。依据目前的诉讼程序、鉴定程序和相关司法解释，在终审判决形成后，当事人自行委托的鉴定意见是否可以作为再审事由中的“新证据”存在争议，无法解决实践中出现新的鉴定意见能否作为再审事由的具体操作问题。基于既判力角度考虑，应当从严设置基于新的鉴定意见作为再审事由中的“新证据”，同时对鉴定意见的撤销、补正也应当结合具体原因审查，通过交由原鉴定机构复核的方式可以在现有制度框架下规范认定新的鉴定意见。

【关键词】鉴定意见；新证据；既判力；再审事由

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2021）02-0149-15

A study on the application of reappraisal as new evidence for civil retrial. Pan Xi, Law School of Nanjing Normal University Nanjing, 210023.

【Abstract】Through studies on adjudicative documents of civil retrials and retrial reviews involving reappraisal in the China Judgments Online, it is found that the standards of determination on reappraisal is not consistent in retrial reviews, and the types of cases involved are relatively complicated. According to the current litigation procedures, appraisal procedures and relevant judicial interpretations, after formation of the final judgment, whether appraisals entrusted by the parties can be regarded as “new evidence” for the cause of retrial is in dispute, which cannot solve specific operational problems of whether reappraisal can be used as a cause of retrial in practice. Based on the consideration of the res judicata, the systematic rule that the reappraisal as “new evidence” of the cause of retrial should be strictly set up. In the meanwhile, the revocation and correction of appraisal opinions should be reviewed with specific reasons. Under the existing framework, determination of reappraisals can be standardized by submitting them to the original appraisal institution for verification.

【Key Words】Appraisal opinions; New evidence; Res judicata; Causes of retrial