—对苏力“黄碟案”演讲的再思考

陆而启

（厦门大学法学院，福建厦门 361005）

【摘 要】语境论、“具体问题具体分析”或者理论联系实际等论证方法的过度运用令人生疑。一是在把握事实方面，自己树立一个假想的靶子进行批判，而三段论的演绎推理或者分析，或因假设前提错误，或因不存在因果关联，而导致结果不能证 ；二是教条的、无原则的具体分析，借题发挥的普遍联系，因为多走了一步，真理就转化成了谬误。为方法而方法、为批判而批判可能是一种舍本逐末的研究思路。而“对象即方法”的研究思路可能是法官事实认定的心理学分析的一个基本前提。

【关键词】普遍联系；假想敌；命题预设；对象即方法；法律事实

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2014）02-0166-14

Object as Method: Rethinking of the Psychology Analysis in Judge’s Fact Finding from Professor Zhu Suli’s Speech on “The Case of Pornographic Videodisc” Lu Erqi Xiamen University Law School, Xiamen,Fujian 361005

【Abstract】It is suspicious to over emphasize the importance of certain reasoning methods such as context theory, concrete analyses on specific issues, or applying theories to real-life situations. On one hand, in terms of grasping the fact, an imaginary target set up by oneself for criticism will lead to the improvable result because of error or inexistence of assumptions or because of no causal relationship in the syllogism analysis or deductive reasoning; On the other hand, due to dogmatic, unreasonable concrete analysis and extremely widespread digression from the universal relation, it simply goes too far, which leads the truth being converted into fallacy. Method for method and criticism for criticism tends to become a research approach merely for formality. The research approach of emphasizing “object as method” is likely to be a fundamental prerequisite for psychological analysis in judge’s fact-findings.

【Key Words】Universal relation, Putative foe, Default proposition, Object as method, Legal fact