—以南京彭宇案为例

郑 苒

（中国政法大学证据科学研究院，北京 100088）

【摘 要】设证推理相对于演绎推理和归纳推理而言是最具有创造性的推理，设证推理能产生新的思想，这在事实发现和法律发现过程中具有重要的意义。同时设证推理作为一种推理方法也在法院的事实认定活动中被运用，具体在判决书的说理部分有所反映。但是设证推理由于裁判者的错误判断和其本身具有的局限性容易造成不适当的使用，所以在进行事实认定活动时需要对设证推理的运用设置范围和规则，以求达到更好地追求事实真相的目的。

【关键字】设证推理；证明过程；假定；最佳解释；彭宇案

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2014）01-0030-10

Abduction in Process of Proof-A Case Study of Peng Yu Case in Nanjing. Zheng Ran. China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088

【Abstract】 Compared with deduction and induction, abduction is the most creative reasoning, it can produce new ideas , which is of great significance in the fact-finding and the legal discovery processes. Meanwhile, as an inference method, abduction is also used in fact-finding activities of the court, specifically in the reasoning part of the written judgment. However, due to errors of reasoning made by the fact finder and its inherent limitations,abduction would be used improperly, so it is necessary to set the limits and rules of using abduction in fact-finding activities to pursue truth ascertainment.

【Key Words】Abduction, Process of proof, Hypotheses, Best explanation, Peng Yu Case