郭金霞

（中国政法大学刑事司法学院，北京 100088）

【摘 要】《俄罗斯联邦国家司法鉴定活动法》从分散走向统一的立法模式选择，国家司法鉴定活动的立法指向，以国家司法鉴定活动法为统领与诉讼立法相衔接，以维护权利与客观公正为中心的司法鉴定活动原则，鉴定人鉴定与委员会鉴定相结合的鉴定形式等内容，构成俄罗斯联邦国家司法鉴定活动法的亮点。尤其是对被鉴定人权利和自由保障的优先性考虑，对鉴定结论公正与可靠的双向追求，成为支撑俄罗斯联邦国家司法鉴定活动法的全新价值理念。透过俄罗斯国家司法鉴定活动法全貌，管窥俄罗斯司法鉴定立法的特点，吸取其成功的经验，以期为我国司法鉴定统一立法所借鉴。

【关键词】俄罗斯 ；国家司法鉴定活动法 ；评述

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2015）04-0283-13

The russian federal act of national judicial identification activities review. Guo Jinxia. China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing

【Abstract】The Russian Federal Act of National Judicial Identification Activities (RFANJIA) is featured by the legislative mode transformation from dispersion law to uniform law, the clarification of legislative objectives on national judicial identification activities, the affirmance of the dominant position of the RFANJI in its relationship with the procedural laws, centralizing the value of rights protection and objective justice in Judicial identification activities, the combination of individual identifiers operating identification and committee operating identification, and etc. The new values of the RFANJIA have been demonstrated by putting in the priority position the guarantee of the identifiers’ rights and freedom, and pursuing the justice and reliability of the identification conclusions.. This article will detect the panorama of the RFANJIA, and analyze the characteristics of the legislation on the subject of judicial identification activities. This article intends to explore the successful experience of RFANJIA, which is expected to be a good reference for China to unify the judicial identification legislation.

【Key Words】 Russian, Act of national judicial identification activities, Review