包冰锋

（西南政法大学法学院，重庆 401120）

【摘 要】在民事诉讼中，对于一方当事人所主张的事实，对方当事人可以采取否认、不知、自认、沉默等一种或数种态度。否认有消极否认与积极否认之分。与消极否认相比，积极否认能促进当事人之间争点的形成，对于案件审理的集中化以及促进当事人之间和解大有裨益。我国应当采用单独制订条文的方式直接确立当事人积极否认义务。同时，我国应当强化当事人本人出庭制度，在借鉴德国学说的基础上以一般义务说作为积极否认义务的适用范围，并将当事人违背积极否认义务的否认行为视为无效，从而发生拟制自认的法律效果。

【关键词】民事诉讼 ；积极否认义务 ；具体化义务 ；拟制自认

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2015）04-0440-10

The positive denial obligation of the party in civil proceedings. Bao Bingfeng. Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China, 401120.

【Abstract】In civil proceedings, when one party makes an assertion of fact, the opposite party can respond by denying the assertion, asserting having no knowledge, admitting the assertion, or keeping silence. The denial of the assertion can be made either passively or actively. Comparing with passive denial, the active denial is more productive in formulating the disputing point, concentrating the trial proceeding and promoting the reconciliation between the parties. In our country, we should enact specific provisions to enforce the party’s obligation in raising active denial.We also should establish a system that would encourage the parties attending the trial. Based on the German theory of general obligation, we could establish the applicable scope of active denial obligations. Meanwhile, the opposite party’s denials made in the form other than active denial ought to be deemed as invalid and in consequence the legal effect of the quasi admission is identified.

【Key Words】 Civil proceedings, Active denial obligation, Specific obligation, Quasi admission