马 龙

（江西理工大学文法学院，江西赣州 341000）

【摘 要】在现代民事诉讼适时提出主义之下，作为攻击防御方法内容之一的证据应当及时提出，“新的证据”这一概念的存在应当受到限制。民事诉讼再审程序作为处置既判力正确性基础的特殊救济机制，其对于“新的证据”作为提出事由的处理更是应当慎之又慎。与域外大陆法系国家和地区相比，我国民事诉讼再审“新的证据”相关制度在合理化方面尚存在一些欠缺之处。基于提出适时性和民事再审基本法理的要求，“新的证据”应当限制为书证，其证明的事实应当存在于原审程序言词辩论终结之前，并且再审申请人对此已经履行了主张责任，以此保证民事再审程序运转的合理性。

【关键词】民事诉讼；再审程序；新的证据；提出适时性；主张责任

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2019）05-0549-13

To correctly understand the connotation of “new evidence” in retrial of civil procedure. Ma Long. School of Law and Design and Public Administration, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Jiangxi Ganzhou 341000, China.

【Abstract】Under the doctrine of timely submissions of the modern civil litigation, the evidence which is one kind of the attacking and defending instruments should be promptly submitted, and “new evidence” should be limited when it is presented. Meanwhile, the retrial procedure of the civil litigation constitutes a special relief mechanism to make sure the basis of res judicata is correct, and it’s usually difficult to start a retrial with a reason of “holding new evidence”. Compared with extraterritorial countries and regions of the civil law system, there are still some shortcomings in the rationalization of the rules related to “new evidence” as a reason to start a retrial in the civil procedure law in China. Based on requirements of the timeliness of submissions and the basic legal principles in the civil retrial law, “new evidence” should be restricted to documentary evidence, and the fact to be proved should exist before the close of oral arguments in the original procedure and the retrial applicant has already fulfilled his burden of pleading, in order to ensure the reasonableness of running in the civil retrial.

【Key Words】Civil litigation, Retrial procedure, New evidence, Timeliness of submissions, Burden of pleading