刘晓兵

（中国政法大学法学院，北京 100088）

【摘 要】本文是作者在律师实务和法庭论辩技能课程讲授中获得的一点体会。直接询问在中国的庭审实务中亦被称为主询问，通常指提供证人的一方当事人通过其律师向该证人进行的询问，在广义来说也包括对该当事人的询问。直接询问是在庭审中借助证人或当事人之口构建案件事实的重要途径，是律师应当掌握的重要技能。在庭审具体运用中，直接询问需要遵从一定的证据规则和发问技能。影响直接询问发挥其案件事实构建功能的因素很多，既有客观因素，也有主观因素。客观因素主要体现为证人出庭制度方面的问题，主观因素主要表现为法官、律师和检察官的诉讼理念与技能问题。作为一项基础性的工作，中国需要进一步改革和健全证人出庭制度，籍此提高证人的出庭率，使直接询问能够落到实处。

【关键词】直接询问；案件事实；庭审技能

【中图分类号】D915.13

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1674-1226（2019）06-0680-15

The constructing function of direct examination on case facts. Liu Xiaobing. Law School of China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China, 100088.

【Abstract】This thesis, originating from the author’s thoughts during the practice as a lawyer or the teaching of Trial Advocacy as a professor, focuses on the constructing function of direct examination on case facts. As is also named as examination in chief, direct examination is one of the ways of examining the witnesses launched by the party who presents the witness. For the purpose of constructing advantageous or persuasive case facts in court trial, lawyers need to master a series of skills as well as keep to the evidence rules. However, there are lots of factors that have passive influence on the use of direct examination, among them the systematic problem on witness presenting in court weighs most. As the result, it is very important that the witness presentation system must be reformed so as to improve the rates of witness appearance and make direct examination available in reality.

【Key Words】Direct examination, Case facts, Trial skills